You must first obtain a certificate of selection (Certificat de sélection du Québec). This is the official document that shows that the Government of Quebec has accepted you to that province. After you have been selected by Quebec, you have to make a separate application to Immigration Refugees and Citizenship Canada (IRCC) for a permanent residency visa.
This is the second and final stage. Here, you will have to pass a medical examination, security and criminal checks. IRCC conducts these checks for all immigrants, wherever they intend to move in Canada.